[share怎么读英文]share是什么意思

shareshare: Share ‘plough-blade’ [OE] and share ‘portion’ [14] are distinct words, but they are ultimately related. The former came from the Germanic base *skar-, *sker- ‘cut’, which also produced English score, shear, short, etc. Its German relative is schar ‘ploughshare’. Share ‘portion’ appears to be a survival of Old English scearu.

This is only recorded in the senses ‘groin’ and ‘tonsure’, but they share a meaning element (‘dividing’ in the case of the groin, the ‘forking’ of the body, and ‘cutting’ in the case of tonsure) that leads back to Germanic *skar-, *sker-, and suggests that share ‘portion’ denotes etymologically something ‘cut’ up or divided between people.

share (n.1)"portion," Old English "a cutting, shearing, tonsure; a part or division," related to "to cut," from Proto-Germanic (cognates: Old High German "troop, share of forced labor," German "troop, band," properly "a part of an army," Old Norse "rim"), from PIE root (1) "to cut" (see shear (v.)).

Meaning "part of the capital of a joint stock company" is first attested c. 1600. attested from 1560s. The same Old English noun in the sense "division" led to an obsolete noun "fork (division) of the body at the groin; pubic region" (late Old English and Middle English); hence "pubis" (early 15c.).share (n.2)"iron blade of a plow," Old English , "plowshare," properly "that which cuts," from Proto-Germanic (cognates: Old Frisian , Middle Low German , Old High German , German , Dutch Middle High German ), from PIE root (1) "to cut" (see shear).share (v.)1580s, "to apportion to someone as his share; to apportion out to others; to enjoy or suffer (something) with others," from share (n.1). Meaning "to divide ones own and give part to others" is recorded from 1590s. Meaning "confess ones sins openly" (1932, implied in ) is from "the language of Moral Rearmament" [OED]. Related: ; ; .